Acne

Acne is one of chronic skin diseases and affects about 90% of both sexes before the age of twenty, but can 
affect other age groups, for example, 7% of people at the age of 28 - 40 years suffer from acne.
Acne disease pilosebaceous glands Pilosebaceous glands so that the patient has an increase in the secretion of fatty (seborrheic) seborrhea.
The main cause of acne caused by an abnormal response to levels Alvezologih (natural) hormone androgen (male sex hormone).
Rash appears the face and torso (upper chest and back) and be in the form of capital (Zanat) black Black heads and heads (Zanat) white White heads and papules (small grain slightly elevated from the skin surface) Papules and pustules Pustules and nodules (such as chickpeas or olive) Nodules may lead to permanent scarring.
What are the factors that cause acne and that can be prevented treatment?
- Increased secretion of sebum sebum.
- Lock sebaceous channel.
- Aerobic bacteria infection is known bacteria Propionibacterium acne propionibacterium acnes.
- Get sore.
Treatment of acne (acne) Acne
Acne treatment depends on the following:
- Mostly kind of lesions (grain).
- The affected premises.
- The severity of the condition.
- Are there any scars or not.
- The patient's desire for treatment.
For example, topical treatments fit cases of acne light and medium, while severe cases require the use of oral medication (taken by mouth).
Topical treatment for acne
To choose the most appropriate topical treatment we know predominant lesions Is Zioan Comedone or inflamed inflammatory.
Benzoyl peroxide benzoyl peroxide
Benzoyl peroxide is ideal as a topical treatment for acne, it handles all the inflammatory lesions and Alzewan.
Cause benzoyl peroxide may cause irritation whiter hair, clothing and irritability can be overcome the progressive increase of the strength of benzoyl peroxide with the use of moisturisers (emollients) emollients.
Must be the first use of benzoyl peroxide for 15 minutes, then gradually increase the time to use next time.
Alszlak acid azelic acid
Alszlak acid is an alternative to benzoyl peroxide which less Thaija, but more expensive and sometimes may cause photosensitivity photosensitivity. It may be useful in cases of increased pigmentation.
Topical antibiotics
The topical antibiotics aesthetically acceptable way to treat acne inflamed, and more vehicles and a description Alklandamaysan clindamycin and erythromycin erythromycin.
And despite the fact that the use of topical antibiotics prevent systemic side effects systemic side effects of oral antibiotics, but they may lead to the emergence of resistant bacterial bacterial resistance.
The inclusion of topical erythromycin with benzoyl peroxide or zinc zinc reduces the emergence of bacterial resistance.
To reduce bacterial resistance we should:
- Do not use several topical antibiotics combined with oral ones.
- Use the same antibiotic effective for the same patient at frequent intervals.
- Do not continue to use the antibiotic for a longer period of time necessary.
Topical Retinoids Topical retinoids
Topical Retinoids are very useful when prevail Ziouani comedones.
May get irritation with Topical Retinoids especially during the beginning of the treatment ..
Photosensitivity may be another problem, but this can be overcome supply side to limit the use of treatment for the evening.
The Add Rtnoid to antibiotic Modaaan longer useful for those patients who do not want to take oral treatment.
Oral antibiotics Oral antibiotics
The oral antibiotics mainstay for the treatment of moderate acne. And given with the addition of topical treatment, and usually is benzoyl peroxide.
Tetracycline tetracycline
Tetracycline is usually given in a dose of 500 milligrams twice a day for half an hour before eating.
This must be given medication for six months, but you can decrease the dose after three months if there are side effects.
The usual problem is a digestive disorder.
If you do not get any improvement in acne after 3 months may be bacterial resistance are causing the problem and advised then change the antibiotic, has improved to stop the patient from taking an antibiotic for two weeks (leave drug) during treatment periods long as this may reduce the level of resistance bacteria Propionibacterium.
The patient should continue using benzoyl peroxide topical during cleaning "Wash out".
Should not be given tetracycline for pregnant women and children under 12 years old, because tetracycline may dying emerging teeth may enter in the composition of the bone.
Alarthuromaysan erythromycin
The Alarthuromaysan does not cause these problems, so some doctors used as an initial option first-line patients, but bacterial resistance to this drug has become a real problem and erythromycin should be given the same dose of tetracycline.
And can conflict (overlap) oral antibiotics temporarily with the absorption of combined oral contraceptives (double) Combined oral contraceptive pill should therefore take extra care for a few weeks from the beginning of oral antibiotic use.
Minocycline minocycline
Minocycline is a useful option from within the antibiotics to treat acne and to a decrease in the proportion of bacterial resistance and the possibility to give him once a day.
The pigmentation is a rare side effects of minocycline.
Also, minocycline side effects are more rare, but more serious and that includes pneumonia acid eosinophilic pnenomonitis and lupus-like syndrome lupus like syndrome and two Ekosan reversible disappear after stop taking minocycline.
Socializing minocycline with autoimmune hepatitis autoimmune hepatitis
Doxycycline Doxycycline
Characterized doxycycline dose per day, but may be optical sensitivity problem.
Turaamtoberam trimethoprim
The Turaamtoberam promising drug for the treatment of acne in the future, and this medicine described by GPs for urinary tract problems.
Most dermatologists prefer doxycycline and minocycline.
Hormonal therapy Hormonal therapy
The Sbrotron Estate cyproterone acetate anti-androgen antiandrogen. The integration with Alitnaal estradiol ethinyl estradiol in a convenient product exists in the local market as Diane Diane 35 a drug works as a contraceptive and acne treatment for patients with the same Contraindications Indications Contraindication to double pill.
He also has some beneficial effect for women suffering from hirsutism hirsutism.
Patients who should Sistkhaddmenh use topical treatment at the same time such as benzoyl peroxide.
Treat severe cases
Retinoids such as oral Oazotritnoan Isotretinoin use nodular acne (Almtkis) very well for severe cases that have not responded to adequate antibiotic treatment, it is very important to prevent scars because it is very difficult to treat later.
The therapy can help patients with psychological problems linked to acne, but there is a risk for depression simple depression associated with this drug.
Oazotritnoan Isotretinoin (Alruaktan Roaccutane):
This medication is derivative of vitamin "A" and is taken by mouth as a capsule, this drug a major shift in the treatment of acne, and for the following reasons:
- Is the only drug that can cure acne permanently or at least radically alter of intensity and makes it curable.
- Use it became possible to treat severe and stubborn acne was considered incurable in the past.
- Is a relatively safe treatment if necessary precautions are taken and under the supervision of a specialist doctor.
Oazotritnoan properties Isotretinoin
- Dramatically reduces the secretion of the skin and fat cause a contraction in the size of the sebaceous glands in the skin.
- Get rid of Zanat and prevents formation of new ones.
- Fights acne-causing bacteria.
- Has anti-inflammatory properties.
 Indications
- Severe acne nodular or nodularis Almtkis (where there are large blocks such as chickpeas, deep olive or love).
- Severe inflammatory acne distorted.
- Acne leading to the occurrence of scars.
- Acne and moderately who did not respond to other treatments with topical with oral antibiotics or hormonal therapy in females.
- Acne who relapse quickly when you stop the medication.
- If acne tremendous impact on the social life or practical or psychological suffering.
How to use
This medicine is used in capsules taken daily doses specific, depending on body weight, and often ask a doctor working tests blood cell count, liver and fat before starting treatment with a pregnancy test for women married and then returned these tests per month by buyers physician's discretion.
Dose
Physician will describe the appropriate dose depending on:
- The weight of the patient.
- The type of condition.
- The severity of the condition.
- The extent of the response to treatment.
- Other treatments used at the same time.
- The severity of side effects.
For the treatment of severe acne, the total dose for the full therapeutic course is between 120 - 150 mg per kilogram of patient weight.
While daily dose ranging from 0.5 to 1 mg per kilogram of patient weight.
On the whole, appropriate doses of the start of treatment, such as 0.5 mg per kilogram per day help to deal with the side effects of the drug, and can increase the dose in the coming weeks based on acclimated skin and how to respond to treatment.
In some cases, we need to reduce the dose or stop the drug temporarily.
Take a remedial course of 6 to 9 months.
Preferably drug abuse after a meal because of drug absorption is better in the presence of fat in the food.
And can take the drug as a single dose on the day after the main meal with water or any other liquid.
Drug Interactions
Should not give Oazotritnoan with the following medications:
- Vitamin A because it increases the side effects.
- Tetracycline, doxycycline and minocycline, it can cause a headache and blurred view due to high pressure inside the skull.
Side effects of Oazotritnoan
Can be increased at the beginning of acne treatment using Oazotertnuin, and continue bout ferment for about two weeks and then get better, but in some people can be Nuba severe and last for a few months.
Seshko patients treated some of the side effects, and their severity depends on factors such as:
- Dose Oazotertnuin.
- Who wear contact lenses have a problem with dry eyes.
- Increase in patients with eczema.
- Light-skinned Seshkon of increased susceptibility to combustion of the sun.
- Athletes may complain of muscle and joint pain.
If disturbed the side effects of the drug, reduce the daily dose will help ease the bear and deal with it, and go away side effects in a few days to weeks after you stop taking the medication.
And prefer to discuss the side effects that complaining about them with your doctor.